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3. Because of the diversity of agendas, identities, objectives, issues and organizational structures, we refer to global women's movements, rather than one movement. While multiple global networks tend to come together in such venues as the UN or the Association for Women's Rights in Development forums, there is a diversity of perspectives and agendas that would not define a single movement.

4. Claire Slatter notes that these arenas are "a privileged global space where mostly, global NGOs interact with representatives of nation states." "Beyond the Theory-Practice-Activism Divide, Tensions in Activism: navigating in global spaces at the intersections of state/civil society & gender/economic justice." DAWN, 2002.

5. Critical Moments, Signs of Resistance and Evolving Strategies, WICEJ Statement, World Social Forum III, Porto Alegre, Brazil, January 2003, www.wiceg.addr.com/portoalegre.html.

6. See for example, Gender & Development: Women Reinventing Globalization, Oxfam, Vol. 11 No. 1, May 2003.

7. Group of 8 industrialized nations, includes US, Canada, France, Germany, England, Italy, Japan, and Russia.

8. Walden Bello, Deglobalization: Ideas for a New Economy, Global Issues, Zed Books, 2002.

9. Ibid., p. 30.

10. I use the terms "economic North" and "economic South" to define post-colonial geo-political and economic relationships between nations. These more clearly define divisions than "global North and South," and the cold-war era "First World and Third World." I have borrowed the term from Claire Slatter.

11. Katha Pollitt, "Phallic Balloons Against the War," The Nation, March 6, 2003.

12. "Local Realities and Global Action: Women Responding to Globalization," Peggy Antrobus, DAWN, Sept. 17, 2001, (www.dawn.org.fj).

13. Sunila Abeyesekera (University of Minnesota Human Rights Resource Center), "Circle of Rights, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Activism: A Training Resource"
www.umn.edu/humanrts/edumat/IHRIP/circle/modules/module4.htm

14. See Joanna Kerr, "International Trends in Gender Equality Work," AWID, November 2001 (www.awid.org).

15. See Maria Riley, "From Women in Development to Gender and Trade," Center Focus, Center of Concern, No. 152, June 2001, Washington, DC

16. Ibid.

17. "Globalization and Fundamentalism: A Genderscape, Addressing the World Social Forum," DAWN Supplement, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 31 January - 5 February 2002, www.dawn.org.fj.

18. Vanessa Griffen, "Globalization and Re-inventing the Politics of a Women's Movement," AWID Occasional Paper no. 6, June 2002, www.awid.org.

19. Mónica Alemán & Yifat Susskind, "Beyond Beijing: Some Priorities for the Global Women's Movement," June 2000, www.madre.org

20. Shareen Gokal, "Protesting the WTO," AWID Cancún Update, September 11, 2003, www.awid.org

21. With acknowledgement to Patricia Clough and discussions in the CUNY/NCRW seminar, "Facing Global Capital: A Gendered Critique."

22. "Globalization and Fundamentalism: A Genderscape" (n. 17).

23. Issues directly addressing patriarchy, including violence, reproductive rights, sexual rights, bodily integrity, legal rights among others.

24. A larger debate is whether human rights is a valid framework for feminist organizing at all. This juxtaposes concepts of "universalism" with those of "cultural relativism," and critiques the Rights regime as a Western-imposed, individualistic paradigm. Rather than accepting an either/or dichotomy, we are grateful to Ayesha Imam (of Women Living Under Muslim Law) for sharing an approach to "claim and critique" both local and international rights discourses-to embrace local rights frameworks as feasible, while pushing the parameters, and doing the same with international rights.

25. Gita Sen & Sonia Correa, "Gender Justice and Economic Justice: Reflections on the Five Year Reviews of the UN Conferences of the 1990s," DAWN, 2000, www.dawn.org.fj

26. Ibid. (Since that writing, the US under the Bush Administration has now joined this conservative group on moral issues related to women's rights, but not, of course, on challenges to G-8 hegemony.)

27. "North Shares Responsibility for Slow Progress in Beijing+5," WICEJ, 8 June 2000 WomenAction, New York, www.womenaction.org/ungass/wicj.html.

28. See Bina Srinivasan, this issue; Mona Danner & Gay Young, "Free Markets and State Control: A Feminist Challenge to Davos Man and Big Brother," Gender & Development (n. 6); Peggy Antrobus, DAWN, September 2001, www.dawn.org.fj.publications/index ; Sunila Abeyesekera, "A Women's Human Rights Perspective on War and Conflict," WHRnet, February 2003.

29. http://www.mujeresdelsur.org.uy/campania/foro1a.htm

30. See WICEJ Porto Alegre Statement 2003, http://www.wicej.addr.com/wsf03/wicej.html

31. Introduced by the Economist, Davos Man refers to the international business and political executives who meet annually in Davos, Switzerland for the World Economic Forum. Cited in Danner & Young (n. 28).

32. Ibid, pp. 87-88.

33. http://www.escr-net.org/EngGeneral/confreport1.asp

34. See Pam Sparr, ed., Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (London: Zed Books, 1994).

35. Maria Riley, "From Women in Development to Gender and Trade," Center Focus #152, June 2001.

36. Zo Randriamaro, "African women challenging neo-liberal orthodoxy: the conception and mission of the GERA programme," in Gender & Development (n. 6), pp. 45, 46.

37. Phrase coined by Zo Randriamaro in a speech to the UN Financing for Development NGO hearings, November 2000, www.un.org/ffd.

38. Mónica Alemán & Yifat Susskind, "Beyond Beijing: Some Priorities for the Global Women's Movement," June 2000, www.madre.org.

39. See "Micro-enterprise: A Solution to Women's Poverty?" Alt-WID/NY 1997 (); Gina Neff, "Micro credit, Micro results," Left Business Observer #74, October 1996, and "Microsumitting," Left Business Observer #77, May 1997; Uma Narayan, untitled working paper, CUNY/NCRW seminar Facing Global Capital, A Gendered Critique, New York, 2003.

40. See Radhika Balakrishnan, ed., The Hidden Assembly Line: Gender Dynamics of Subcontracted Work in a Global Economy. Kumarian Press, Connecticut 2002; Ruth Pearson, "Feminist Responses to Economic Globalization: Some Examples of Past and Future Practice," in Gender & Development (n. 6).

41. Gigi Francisco, "Gender Mainstreaming in Trade Policies," DAWN Informs, September 2003.

42. Randriamaro (n. 36).

43. "Empowerment Money: The World Bank, Non-Governmental Organizations and the Value of Culture in Egypt," Public Culture 14: 3 (2002), 477-492.

44. See Race, Poverty & Globalization Caucus Documents, WICEJ, 2002; www.wicej.addr.com/racepov.pdf

45. See, for example, the work of the Women of Color Resource Center, www.coloredgirls.org. For new work in this regard linked to the WCAR, see debates of the Durban Women's Caucus (on Women's Human Rights Net) as well as documents at www.whrnet.org; Raj, Bunch & Nazombe, Women at the Intersection: Indivisible Rights, Identities, and Oppressions, Center for Women's Global Leadership, Rutgers University Press, 2002 (www.cwgl.rutgers.edu); and UNIFEM (www.unifem.org).

46. World Conference Against Racism, Financing For Development, World Summit on Sustainable Development

47. Fifth World Conference on Women and the 2005 CSW Review of the Beijing Platform for Action: Discussions by NGOs at the 47^th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women, 3-14 March, 2003, CWGL, CONGO, European Women's Lobby, WEDO, www.awid.org. For some of the global e-mail debate, see: www.awid.org/debate/

48. Griffen, ibid.

49. Debate Continues of 5^th WCW: Report from NGO CSW Forum, Geneva 21-22 July 2003, DAWN Informs, September 2003, www.dawn.org.fj.

50. Peggy Antrobus, "MDGs- Major Distraction Gimmick," DAWN Informs, September 2003, www.dawn.org.fj

	Current Issue #46 Vol 22, No. 1 ______________ Table of Contents ______________ 46 (Volume 22, No. 1) Ingar Solty The Historic Significance of the New German Left Party Sriram Ananthanarayanan New Mechanisms of Imperialism in India: The Special Economic Zones Mitchel Cohen The Capitalist INFESTO and How to Fight It Ravi Malhotra Expanding the Frontiers of Justice: Reflections on the Theory of Capabilities, Disability Rights, and the Politics of Global Inequality Thomas Seibert The Global Justice Movement after Heiligendamm Peter Seybold The Struggle against Corporate Takeover of the University Book Reviews Anatole Anton & Richard Schmitt, eds. Toward a New Socialism reviewed by Paul Buhle Rosemary Feurer Radical Unionism in the Midwest, 1900-1950 reviewed by Steve Early Sebastian Budgen, Stathis Kouvelakis & Slavoj Žižek, eds. Lenin Reloaded: Toward a Politics of Truth reviewed by Ronald Paul Stan Goff War and Sex reviewed by Pramila Venkateswaran Gideon Polya Body Count: Global Avoidable Mortality Since 1950 reviewed by Jacqueline Carrigan Robert Roth Health Proxy reviewed by Walter A. Davis H. Bruce Franklin The Most Important Fish in the Sea: Menhaden and America reviewed by Scott Carlin Walter A. Davis Art & Politics: Psychoanalysis, Ideology, Theater reviewed by Eugene W. Holland Marc Falkoff, ed. Poems from Guantánamo: The Detainees Speak reviewed by D.H. Melhem Joel Shatzky Intelligent Design: A Fable reviewed by Victor Cohen Alexander Saxton Religion and the Human Prospect reviewed by Richard Curtis Peter McLaren & Nathalia Jaramillo Pedagogy and Praxis in the Age of Empire: Towards a New Humanism reviewed by Andrew Michael Lee Helen Caldicott Nuclear Power is Not the Answer; Helen Caldicott If You Love This Planet: A Plan to Heal the Earth reviewed by Ronald F. Price Andrew Kliman Reclaiming Marx's Capital: A Refutation of the Myth of Inconsistency reviewed by Michael Roberts Henry Heller The Cold War and the New Imperialism reviewed by Daniel Egan Alexander Cockburn & Jeffrey St. Clair End Times: The Death of the Fourth Estate reviewed by George Fish Paul Zarembka, ed. The Hidden History of 9-11-2001 reviewed by Seth Sandronsky Steve Ellner & Miguel Tinker Salas, eds. Venezuela: Hugo Chávez and the Decline of an “Exceptional Democracy” reviewed by Nikolas Kozloff Michael González Cruz Nacionalismo revolucionario puertorriqueño: la lucha armada, intelectuales, y prisioneros políticos y de guerra reviewed by Juan Antonio Ocasio Rivera Lynn Hunt Inventing Human Rights: A History reviewed by Judith F. Stone Michael Hardt Presents the Declaration of Independence reviewed by Carl Mirra Notes on Contributors *Designed & Powered by MediaTek*_
			<<< Previous Viewing Page: 1 \| 2 \| 3 \| 4 \| 5 \| 6\| 7 \| 8 3. Because of the diversity of agendas, identities, objectives, issues and organizational structures, we refer to global women's movements, rather than one movement. While multiple global networks tend to come together in such venues as the UN or the Association for Women's Rights in Development forums, there is a diversity of perspectives and agendas that would not define a single movement. 4. Claire Slatter notes that these arenas are "a privileged global space where mostly, global NGOs interact with representatives of nation states." "Beyond the Theory-Practice-Activism Divide, Tensions in Activism: navigating in global spaces at the intersections of state/civil society & gender/economic justice." DAWN, 2002. 5. Critical Moments, Signs of Resistance and Evolving Strategies, WICEJ Statement, World Social Forum III, Porto Alegre, Brazil, January 2003, www.wiceg.addr.com/portoalegre.html. 6. See for example, Gender & Development: Women Reinventing Globalization, Oxfam, Vol. 11 No. 1, May 2003. 7. Group of 8 industrialized nations, includes US, Canada, France, Germany, England, Italy, Japan, and Russia. 8. Walden Bello, Deglobalization: Ideas for a New Economy, Global Issues, Zed Books, 2002. 9. Ibid., p. 30. 10. I use the terms "economic North" and "economic South" to define post-colonial geo-political and economic relationships between nations. These more clearly define divisions than "global North and South," and the cold-war era "First World and Third World." I have borrowed the term from Claire Slatter. 11. Katha Pollitt, "Phallic Balloons Against the War," The Nation, March 6, 2003. 12. "Local Realities and Global Action: Women Responding to Globalization," Peggy Antrobus, DAWN, Sept. 17, 2001, (www.dawn.org.fj). 13. Sunila Abeyesekera (University of Minnesota Human Rights Resource Center), "Circle of Rights, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Activism: A Training Resource" www.umn.edu/humanrts/edumat/IHRIP/circle/modules/module4.htm 14. See Joanna Kerr, "International Trends in Gender Equality Work," AWID, November 2001 (www.awid.org). 15. See Maria Riley, "From Women in Development to Gender and Trade," Center Focus, Center of Concern, No. 152, June 2001, Washington, DC 16. Ibid. 17. "Globalization and Fundamentalism: A Genderscape, Addressing the World Social Forum," DAWN Supplement, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 31 January - 5 February 2002, www.dawn.org.fj. 18. Vanessa Griffen, "Globalization and Re-inventing the Politics of a Women's Movement," AWID Occasional Paper no. 6, June 2002, www.awid.org. 19. Mónica Alemán & Yifat Susskind, "Beyond Beijing: Some Priorities for the Global Women's Movement," June 2000, www.madre.org 20. Shareen Gokal, "Protesting the WTO," AWID Cancún Update, September 11, 2003, www.awid.org 21. With acknowledgement to Patricia Clough and discussions in the CUNY/NCRW seminar, "Facing Global Capital: A Gendered Critique." 22. "Globalization and Fundamentalism: A Genderscape" (n. 17). 23. Issues directly addressing patriarchy, including violence, reproductive rights, sexual rights, bodily integrity, legal rights among others. 24. A larger debate is whether human rights is a valid framework for feminist organizing at all. This juxtaposes concepts of "universalism" with those of "cultural relativism," and critiques the Rights regime as a Western-imposed, individualistic paradigm. Rather than accepting an either/or dichotomy, we are grateful to Ayesha Imam (of Women Living Under Muslim Law) for sharing an approach to "claim and critique" both local and international rights discourses-to embrace local rights frameworks as feasible, while pushing the parameters, and doing the same with international rights. 25. Gita Sen & Sonia Correa, "Gender Justice and Economic Justice: Reflections on the Five Year Reviews of the UN Conferences of the 1990s," DAWN, 2000, www.dawn.org.fj 26. Ibid. (Since that writing, the US under the Bush Administration has now joined this conservative group on moral issues related to women's rights, but not, of course, on challenges to G-8 hegemony.) 27. "North Shares Responsibility for Slow Progress in Beijing+5," WICEJ, 8 June 2000 WomenAction, New York, www.womenaction.org/ungass/wicj.html. 28. See Bina Srinivasan, this issue; Mona Danner & Gay Young, "Free Markets and State Control: A Feminist Challenge to Davos Man and Big Brother," Gender & Development (n. 6); Peggy Antrobus, DAWN, September 2001, www.dawn.org.fj.publications/index ; Sunila Abeyesekera, "A Women's Human Rights Perspective on War and Conflict," WHRnet, February 2003. 29. http://www.mujeresdelsur.org.uy/campania/foro1a.htm 30. See WICEJ Porto Alegre Statement 2003, http://www.wicej.addr.com/wsf03/wicej.html 31. Introduced by the Economist, Davos Man refers to the international business and political executives who meet annually in Davos, Switzerland for the World Economic Forum. Cited in Danner & Young (n. 28). 32. Ibid, pp. 87-88. 33. http://www.escr-net.org/EngGeneral/confreport1.asp 34. See Pam Sparr, ed., Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment (London: Zed Books, 1994). 35. Maria Riley, "From Women in Development to Gender and Trade," Center Focus #152, June 2001. 36. Zo Randriamaro, "African women challenging neo-liberal orthodoxy: the conception and mission of the GERA programme," in Gender & Development (n. 6), pp. 45, 46. 37. Phrase coined by Zo Randriamaro in a speech to the UN Financing for Development NGO hearings, November 2000, www.un.org/ffd. 38. Mónica Alemán & Yifat Susskind, "Beyond Beijing: Some Priorities for the Global Women's Movement," June 2000, www.madre.org. 39. See "Micro-enterprise: A Solution to Women's Poverty?" Alt-WID/NY 1997 (); Gina Neff, "Micro credit, Micro results," Left Business Observer #74, October 1996, and "Microsumitting," Left Business Observer #77, May 1997; Uma Narayan, untitled working paper, CUNY/NCRW seminar Facing Global Capital, A Gendered Critique, New York, 2003. 40. See Radhika Balakrishnan, ed., The Hidden Assembly Line: Gender Dynamics of Subcontracted Work in a Global Economy. Kumarian Press, Connecticut 2002; Ruth Pearson, "Feminist Responses to Economic Globalization: Some Examples of Past and Future Practice," in Gender & Development (n. 6). 41. Gigi Francisco, "Gender Mainstreaming in Trade Policies," DAWN Informs, September 2003. 42. Randriamaro (n. 36). 43. "Empowerment Money: The World Bank, Non-Governmental Organizations and the Value of Culture in Egypt," Public Culture 14: 3 (2002), 477-492. 44. See Race, Poverty & Globalization Caucus Documents, WICEJ, 2002; www.wicej.addr.com/racepov.pdf 45. See, for example, the work of the Women of Color Resource Center, www.coloredgirls.org. For new work in this regard linked to the WCAR, see debates of the Durban Women's Caucus (on Women's Human Rights Net) as well as documents at www.whrnet.org; Raj, Bunch & Nazombe, Women at the Intersection: Indivisible Rights, Identities, and Oppressions, Center for Women's Global Leadership, Rutgers University Press, 2002 (www.cwgl.rutgers.edu); and UNIFEM (www.unifem.org). 46. World Conference Against Racism, Financing For Development, World Summit on Sustainable Development 47. Fifth World Conference on Women and the 2005 CSW Review of the Beijing Platform for Action: Discussions by NGOs at the 47^th Session of the Commission on the Status of Women, 3-14 March, 2003, CWGL, CONGO, European Women's Lobby, WEDO, www.awid.org. For some of the global e-mail debate, see: www.awid.org/debate/ 48. Griffen, ibid. 49. Debate Continues of 5^th WCW: Report from NGO CSW Forum, Geneva 21-22 July 2003, DAWN Informs, September 2003, www.dawn.org.fj. 50. Peggy Antrobus, "MDGs- Major Distraction Gimmick," DAWN Informs, September 2003, www.dawn.org.fj This article, although written in a personal capacity, draws on my work as Coordinator of the Women's International Coalition for Economic Justice (WICEJ), a coalition of 40 organizations-both NGO and Labor-from all regions of the globe focused on macro-economic policy from the perspective of gender, race, class and national origin. The coalition has been active in numerous UN world conferences as well as the recent WTO ministerial in Cancun, Mexico. My thoughts here were developed in dialogue with Bina Srinivasan. We began our discussion of these issues through the Rockefeller Humanities Fellowship Program, "Facing Global Capital, Finding Human Security: A Gendered Critique," based at the National Council for Research on Women and the City University of New York. <<< Previous Viewing Page: 1 \| 2 \| 3 \| 4 \| 5 \| 6\| 7 \| 8

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